Result & Conclusions
Regression Analysis
Invalidation
- Mental Health
y = -0.67x + 5.5, p<0.01
To understand the relationship between Emotional Invalidation Experience, Distress Intolerance, Self-Esteem, and Self-Efficacy, responses were scatter-plotted and linear regression analysis was conducted using SPSS. Furthermore, to examine the relationship between Distress Intolerance, Self-Esteem, Self-Efficacy, and Mental Health, multiple regression analysis was conducted through SPSS. The scatterplot, trendline, and P-Value of coefficients are shown below. To examine the relationship between Emotional Invalidation Experience and Mental Health, responses were scatter-plotted and linear regression analysis was conducted using SPSS software. The scatterplot, trendline, and P-Value of coefficients are as shown on the left.
Invalidation
- Distress intolerance
y = 0.59x + 1.18, p<0.01
Invalidation - Self-Esteem
y = -0.66x + 5.12, p<0.01
Invalidation - Self-Efficacy
y = -0.32x + 3.54, p<0.01
3.1
Correlation
Consistent with the 1st Hypothesis, Invalidation was positively correlated with Distress Intolerance, while it was negatively correlated with Self-Esteem and Self-Efficacy.
Consistent with the 2nd Hypothesis, Distress Intolerance was negatively correlated with Mental Health, while Self-Esteem and Self-Efficacy were positively correlated with Mental Health.
Consistent with the 3rd Hypothesis, Mental Health was negatively correlated with Insomnia.
Table 2: Correlations Between Variables
Fig. 1: Emotional Invalidation Regression Model
Invalidation
0.59
-.66
-.32
Distress
Intolerance
Self-Esteem
Self-Efficacy
-.21
0.53
0.29
Mental health
Insomnia
0.42
3.2
Conclusion
As provided on the diagram above, Invalidation had an effect on Distress Intolerance (β=.57, p<.01), Self-Efficacy ( β=.-.32, p<.01), and Self-Esteem (β=-.66, p<.01).
Also, Distress Intolerance (β=-.21, p<.01), Self-Efficacy (β=.29, p<.01), and Self-Esteem (β=.53, p<.01) were associated with Mental Health.
Furthermore, Mental Health (β=-.39, p<.01) has a significant effect on Insomnia. Thus, all hypotheses were supported by the results.
3.3
The Effect of Invalidation on Mental Health through Self-Image
Emotional Invalidation has definite effects on one’s perception of self-image, which derives from self-esteem and self-efficacy. As self-esteem is how
3.4
The Effect of Invalidation on Mental Health through Distress Intolerance
Invalidation and distress tolerance have an inverse relationship. An increase in adolescent’s exposure to invalidation will result in a decrease in their level of distress tolerance.
3.5
The Physical Manifestation of Emotional Invalidation: Insomnia
During the adolescent phase, there exists a noteworthy correlation among distress tolerance, mental well-being, and insomnia. Adolescence is considered an important developmental
Verifying the Hypothesis
Invalidation is a prevalent issue in the adolescent population, due to many factors of the environment the adolescent resides in. The relationship between their parents and their peers is one of the biggest contributors to problems of invalidation, or the feeling of being validated for adolescents. Invalidation leads to distress tolerance in adolescents. By being in an echo chamber, having to listen to the same expressions of invalidation instilled towards them, or whether it is by a betrayal of a trustworthy individual, adolescents, prone to changes in their environment are severely affected. Such changes can lead to mental health issues in adolescents, due to the constant need to address stressful situations in a repeating manner. When adolescents are under the influence of mental instability, they lack professional coping mechanisms, due to their poor environment and standings. Due to the lack of ability to cope with instabilities such as insomnia, young adolescents resort to negative coping mechanisms, such as drinking, smoking, and in some serious cases, taking drugs. This creates the start of a vicious cycle for the adolescents, although they may try to escape this reality, as they lack support and are constantly invalidated by peers or parents, they are not able to effectively cope with their problems. This is a serious problem within the adolescent population, in which their distress tolerances are constantly raised, leading to mental illnesses, which repeat constantly in a cycle.
Implications and Possibilities for Further Research
Though the relationship between invalidation, distress tolerance, and mental/physical health was prominent, the survey showed that invalidation also has other implications.